Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Detailed information about Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)
Species: Cat
Breeds Affected: All breeds (common in older cats)
Overview
Progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function. It is a leading cause of illness in senior cats. Over time, waste products and toxins accumulate as the kidneys fail to filter effectively.
Symptoms
- Increased thirst and urination
- weight loss
- poor appetite
- and lethargy are early signs. Cats may have dehydration
- vomiting
- bad breath or mouth ulcers in later stages.
Treatments
No cure; management is supportive. A therapeutic renal diet (low phosphorus, moderated protein) is key to slow progression. Ensure hydration with fluids (subcutaneous or IV) as needed. Treat complications (eg, provide blood pressure medication if hypertensive, and treat urinary infections promptly). Regular monitoring of kidney values is important.
Medications
Phosphate binders (eg, aluminum hydroxide) to reduce high blood phosphorus; potassium supplements if blood K is low (to address muscle weakness); ACE inhibitors (benazepril/telmisartan) or angiotensin receptor blockers to reduce proteinuria and support kidney blood flow; anti-emetics (ondansetron, maropitant) for nausea/vomiting; erythropoietin-stimulating agents for anemia in late-stage CKD.
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